fix(backend): use v2 structured search API for OFF

- Switch from /cgi/search.pl (503 errors) to /api/v2/search with brand filter
- Add required User-Agent header per OFF documentation
- Add OFF_USER_AGENT env var for customization
- Update .env.example with User-Agent documentation
- Retry logic continues to work with new endpoint

apps/backend/.env.example

@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@ VAPID_SUBJECT=mailto:admin@example.com
 #   https://expo.dev/accounts/[username]/settings/access-tokens
 EXPO_ACCESS_TOKEN=
 
-# Open Food Facts (optional, improves rate limits)
+# Open Food Facts
 # Register at: https://world.openfoodfacts.org/
+# User-Agent is REQUIRED per OFF docs (format: AppName/Version (ContactEmail))
+OFF_USER_AGENT=FarmaFinder/1.0 (https://github.com/farmafinder)
 OFF_USERNAME=
 OFF_PASSWORD=

apps/backend/off-service.js

@@ -1,15 +1,25 @@
 import axios from 'axios';
 import redisClient from './redis-client.js';
 
+// OFF API v3 (recommended) with fallback to v2 for search
 const OFF_API_BASE = 'https://world.openfoodfacts.org';
 const CACHE_TTL = 3600;
 const MAX_RETRIES = 2;
 const RETRY_DELAY_MS = 1000;
 
-// Open Food Facts authentication (required for reliable access)
+// User-Agent is REQUIRED per OFF docs: AppName/Version (ContactEmail)
+const OFF_USER_AGENT = process.env.OFF_USER_AGENT || 'FarmaFinder/1.0 (https://github.com/farmafinder)';
+
+// Open Food Facts authentication (optional, for write operations)
 const OFF_USERNAME = process.env.OFF_USERNAME;
 const OFF_PASSWORD = process.env.OFF_PASSWORD;
 
+function getOffHeaders() {
+  return {
+    'User-Agent': OFF_USER_AGENT,
+  };
+}
+
 function getOffAuth() {
   if (OFF_USERNAME && OFF_PASSWORD) {
     return {
@@ -74,18 +84,18 @@ export async function searchBabyProducts(query) {
 
     console.log(`Fetching from OFF API: ${searchTerm}`);
     const auth = getOffAuth();
+    const headers = getOffHeaders();
 
     let lastError;
     for (let attempt = 0; attempt <= MAX_RETRIES; attempt++) {
       try {
-        const response = await axios.get(`${OFF_API_BASE}/cgi/search.pl`, {
+        // Use v2 structured search with brand filter (more reliable than /cgi/search.pl)
+        const response = await axios.get(`${OFF_API_BASE}/api/v2/search`, {
           params: {
-            search_terms: searchTerm,
+            brands_tags: searchTerm,
-            json: true,
-            fields: 'product_name,brands,image_url,nutriscore_grade,ingredients_text,nova_group,ecoscore_grade,categories_tags',
             page_size: 20,
-            action: 'process',
           },
+          headers,
           timeout: 10000,
           validateStatus: (status) => status === 200,
           ...(auth && { auth }),
@@ -150,7 +160,10 @@ export async function getBabyProductDetails(barcode) {
 
     console.log(`Fetching OFF product details: ${barcode}`);
     const auth = getOffAuth();
-    const response = await axios.get(`${OFF_API_BASE}/api/v2/product/${barcode}.json`, {
+    const headers = getOffHeaders();
+    // Use v3 API (recommended) for product details
+    const response = await axios.get(`${OFF_API_BASE}/api/v3/product/${barcode}.json`, {
+      headers,
       timeout: 10000,
       validateStatus: (status) => status === 200,
       ...(auth && { auth }),